13 September 2022: Daily Current Affairs & GK for HAS/HPAS & Allied Services
Ques:1 Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct regarding the collegium system of appointment of judges to higher judiciary?
- Currently it comprises of the CJI (Chief Justice of India) and 2 other senior-most judges of Supreme Court (SC).
- SC introduced the collegium system in the ‘First Judges Case’ of 1981.
Select the correct option from the code given below:
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
1. It is released by National Statistical Office (NSO)
Solution : D
Collegium System is the system of appointment and transfer of judges in higher courts that has evolved through judgments of the Supreme Court (SC), and not by an Act of Parliament or Constitutional provision.
Evolution of the System:
- First Judges Case (1981): It declared that the “primacy” of the CJI’s (Chief Justice of India) recommendation on judicial appointments and transfers can be refused for “cogent reasons.” The ruling gave the Executive primacy over the Judiciary in judicial appointments for the next 12 years.
- Second Judges Case (1993): SC introduced the Collegium system, holding that “consultation” of CJI really meant “concurrence” of CJI in consultation with the two senior-most judges in the SC.
- Third Judges Case (1998): SC on the President's reference (Article 143) expanded the Collegium to a five-member body, comprising the CJI and four of his senior-most colleagues.
Thus currently, SC collegium is headed by the CJI and comprises 4 other senior most judges of the court.
Ques:2 Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct regarding adoption rules/ law in India?
- Under the Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Amendment Act, 2021, district courts are now empowered to directly take up cases of adoption and issue adoption orders.
- The amendment reclassified crimes under the special law, with punishment between three to seven years, as ‘non-cognisable’, making the report of child abuse even harder.
Select the correct option from the code given below:
Solution : B
- The Parliament passed the Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Amendment Bill, 2021 in July last year in order to amend the Juvenile Justice Act (JJ Act), 2015. These allow District Magistrates and Additional District Magistrates to issue adoption orders under Section 61 of the JJ Act by striking out the word “court”.
- This was done in order to ensure speedy disposal of cases and enhance accountability. The amendments to the Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Model Rules, 2016, were notified on September 1 and require all adoption cases to be transferred to the DM with immediate effect.
- The Ministry of Women and Child Development has written to State governments, asking them to immediately implement the revised adoption rules, despite concerns raised over jurisdiction of DMs in civil matters such as inheritance and succession.
- Under the 2021 amendment, crimes under the special law, with punishment between three to seven years, have been reclassified as non-cognisable, making it harder to report abuse at child care institutions- by staffers or persons in-charge.
- Source: https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/states-directed-to-implement-contentious-adoption-rules-immediately/article65883784.ece
Ques:3 A state scheme called “Indira Gandhi Urban Employment Scheme” on the lines of the MGNREGA was recently announced, to provide 100 days of employment a year to families in urban areas. Which state has started this scheme?
- Rajasthan state government recently launched the “Indira Gandhi Urban Employment Scheme” on the lines of the MGNREGA to provide 100 days of employment a year to families in urban areas.
- Source: https://www.thehindu.com/news/states/explained-the-indira-gandhi-urban-employment-guarantee-scheme-in-rajasthan/article65878642.ece
Ques:4 Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct regarding Kushiyara river?
- It is a tributary of Ganga river.
- It forms a natural border between India and Bangladesh.
Select the correct option from the code given below:
- Barak river separates into the Kushiyara and Surma. Kushiyara River flows in Bangladesh and Assam.
- It forms part of the India-Bangladesh border.
- India and Bangladesh signed an interim water sharing agreement for the Kushiyara river.
- Source: https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/india-bangladesh-ties-a-model-for-bilateral-cooperation/article65880021.ece
Ques:5. Typhoon Muifa recently wrecked havoc on which country ?
- Typhoon Muifa approached Japan’s southern islands on September 11, prompting officials to issue a warning for locals to seek shelter from the “violent waves and winds” before it made landfall. It’s categorised as ‘very strong’.
- Source: https://www.thehindu.com/news/international/very-strong-typhoon-muifa-approaches-japan-southern-islands-officials-issue-warning/article65878541.ece
Ques:6 The basic structure theory of the Constitution of India implies that ?
- In the Kesavananda Bharati case)1973), the Supreme court said that the Parliament has the power to abridge or take away any of the Fundamental Rights. However, it also said that the Parliament under Article 368 cannot alter the Basic Structure of the Constitution.
- This means that the Parliament cannot amend or abrogate those features of the Constitution which are a part of its Basic Structure as Certain features of the Constitution are so essential to it that they cannot be abrogated.
- Source : https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/supreme-courts-three-question-test-for-validity-of-10-ews-quota-8147285/
Ques:7 Which of the following human development indices are published by United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)
1. Gender Development Index
2. Global Gender Gap Index
3. Multidimensional Poverty Index
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
The following human development indices are compiled under Human Development Report (HDR) by UNDP:
1. HDI
2. Inequality-adjusted HDI
3. Gender Development Index
4. Gender Inequality Index
5. Multidimensional Poverty Index
6. Planetary pressures-adjusted Human Development Index
Option 2 is not correct: Global Gender Gap Index is published by World Economic Forum.
Source : https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-economics/human-development-index-india-china-world-explained-8145550/
Ques:8. Consider the following statements, with respect to Index of Industrial Production (IIP)
1. It is released by National Statistical Office (NSO)
2. Core industries accounts nearly 50 percent of the weight of items included in the IIP.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?
Solution : (A)
- Index of Industrial Production (IIP) is a composite indicator that measures the short-term changes in the volume of production of a basket of industrial products during a given period with respect to that in a chosen base period.
- Statement 1 is correct: It released by National Statistical Office (NSO), Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI) monthly basis with th=e base year 2011-12
- Statement 2 is not correct: IIP Index Components: Electricity, crude oil, coal, cement, steel, refinery products, natural gas, and fertilisers are the eight core industries that comprise about 40 percent of the weight of items included in the Index of Industrial Production. Mining, manufacturing, and electricity are the three broad sectors in which IIP constituents fall.
- Source : https://www.financialexpress.com/what-is/index-of-industrial-production-iip-meaning/1616261/
- https://indianexpress.com/article/business/economy/food-prices-fuel-retail-inflation-to-7-pc-iip-at-4-month-low-8147251/
Ques:9. Consider the following statement, with respect to International Dairy Federation World Dairy Summit 2022
1. Recently, the summit is held in Greater Noida, India
2. Theme of the summit is ‘Dairy for Nutrition and Livelihood’
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- Statement 1 is correct: India is hoisting the four-day International Dairy Federation World Dairy Summit 2022 in Greater Noida, India
- Statement 2 is correct: The theme for International Dairy Federation World Dairy Summit (IDF WDS) 2022, is ‘Dairy for Nutrition and Livelihood’.
- Source : https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/delhi/centre-states-trying-to-control-lumpy-skin-disease-in-cattle-pm-modi-at-world-dairy-summit-8146215/
Ques:10. Kharkiv, Donetsk and Odessa often in news cities, are part of which country
- Kharkiv, Donetsk and Odessa are cities of Ukraine which are in news due to Ukraine-Russia war.
- Source : https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/russia-ukraine-war-india-ground-8146485/
