22 July 2022: Daily Current Affairs & GK Update (In Hindi & English)

22 July 2022: Daily Current Affairs & GK Update (In Hindi & English)


22 July 2022: Daily Current Affairs & GK Update (In Hindi & English)

1. ​​​​​​Which of the following is/are correctly matched?

Mission/Program -                          Type of Fuel in focus

1. SATAT                                             Compressed Biogas

2. RUCO                                              Bio-ethanol

3. Pradhan Mantra JI-VAN                  Biodiesel

Select the correct answer from the above:

a) 1 only

b) 1 and 2 only

c) 2 only

d) 3 only

ANSWER - A

EXPLANATION:

  • The Minister of State for Petroleum and Natural Gas had earlier notified the National Policy on Biofuels – 2018 which laid down indicative target of 20% blending of ethanol in petrol and 5% blending of biodiesel in diesel by 2030 in the country.
  • Government has now amended the National Policy on Biofuels – 2018 which has advanced the ethanol blending target of 20% blending of ethanol in petrol to ESY 2025-26 from 2030. For the ongoing Ethanol Supply Year (ESY 2021-22), Oil Marketing Companies (OMCs) have already achieved 10.16% blending as on 10th July, 2022.
  • With a view to promoting the use of Compressed Bio Gas (CBG) as automotive fuel, Sustainable Alternative Towards Affordable Transportation (SATAT) initiative has been launched on 01.10.2018.
  • Repurpose Used Cooking Oil (UCO) has been identified as a potential raw material for biodiesel production and public sector OMCs have floated EoIs for procurement of Biodiesel produced from UCO across 300 locations. OMCs have received offers for setting up 61 plants with a production capacity of approximately 36 crore litres per annum for manufacturing Biodiesel from UCO.
  • In March, 2019, Government has notified the “Pradhan Mantri JI-VAN (Jaiv Indhan - Vatavaran Anukool fasal awashesh Nivaran) Yojana” for providing financial support to integrated bio-ethanol projects for setting up Second Generation (2G) ethanol projects in the country using lignocellulosic biomass and other renewable feedstock. The total financial outlay for the scheme is Rs. 1969.50 crore for the period 2018-19 to 2023-24.  Under the PM JI-VAN Yojana, the maximum financial assistance of Rs. 150 crore per project for commercial projects and Rs. 15 crore per project for demonstration projects has been prescribed

2. Consider the following statements regarding the Atal Bhujal Yojana

  1. It is launched only for five years.
  2. It covers only the over-exploited, critical and semi-critical blocks of the country.
  3. It is also sponsored by the World Bank.

Which of the above statements are correct?

a) 1 and 2

b) 2 and 3

c) 1 and 3

d) 1, 2 and 3

ANSWER - D

EXPLANATION:

Atal Bhujal Yojana has been launched by Ministry of Jal Shakti.

It is a central sector scheme aimed at improving ground water management through community participation in identified priority areas.

Priority Areas: Gujarat, Haryana, Karnataka, MP, Maharashtra, Rajasthan & UP. Which represents 25% of the total numbers of over-exploited, critical and semi-critical blocks. It aims to improve ground water management in priority areas in the country through community participation.

Total Outlay: ₹6000Cr. It is sponsored by World Bank with 50% of the total outlay coming from it.

It is to be implemented over a period of 5 years (2020-21 to 2024-25).

Scheme components:

Institutional Strengthening and Capacity Building: including improving monitoring networks, capacity building, strengthening of Water User Associations, allocating more funds for Panchayats and making Panchayat-level plans etc.

Incentive Component for incentivising the States: for achievements in improved groundwater management practices like data dissemination, preparation of water security plans, water budgeting implementation of management interventions through convergence of ongoing schemes, adopting demand side management practices etc.

3. Consider the following statement about India innovation index

  1. It is released by NITI Aayog, along with the Institute for Competitiveness.
  2. The report examines the innovation capabilities and performance of the states and union territories.
  3. Karnataka retained its leadership position in the major States category

Which of the above statement are correct?

a) 1 and 2

b) 2 and 3

c) 1 and 3

d) 1, 2 and 3

ANSWER - D

EXPLANATION:

India Innovation Index:

It is released by NITI Aayog, along with the Institute for Competitiveness. Thus the statement is correct

The report examines the innovation capabilities and performance of the states and union territories. The first edition of the index was launched in October 2019. Thus, statement 2 is correct.

Results of 2nd edition: Karnataka retained its leadership position in the major states category in the second edition of India Innovation Index released by NITI Aayog. Thus, statement 3 is incorrect.

 

4. Consider the following statements related to World Press Freedom Index 2022:

  1. It is published by the not-for-profit body Reporters without border (RWB)
  2. It ranks 180 countries, topped by Norway this year just like the 2021 edition.
  3. India is ranked 150, same as the last year.

Which of the above is/are correct statements?

a) 1 and 2

b) 2 and 3

c) 1 and 3

d) 1, 2 and 3

ANSWER - B

EXPLANATION:

It is published by the international journalism not-for profit body, it continues to be counted among the countries classified “bad” for journalism and is termed as India is one of the most dangerous countries for journalists. THUS STATEMENT 1 IS CORRECT

it ranks 180 countries, topped, yet again, by Norway followed by Finland and Denmark. THUS STATEMENT 2 IS CORRECT

This year, India has been ranked 150. India was ranked 142, last year, after it had consistently slid down from 133 in 2016.  THUS STATEMENT 3 IS CORRECT

 

5. The river Kali Bein flows through which of the following Indian states?

a) Punjab

b) West Bengal

c) Gujarat

d) Rajasthan

ANSWER - B

EXPLANATION:

Kali Bein is a rivulet in Punjab, India that flows into the confluence of the rivers Beas and Satluj at Harike. It is 165km long and starts from Hoshiyarpur. It is believed that Guru Nanak Dev ji attained enlightenment after taking a bath in the Kali Bein. In the wake of the Green Revolution, the Kali Bein became progressively polluted until it was cleaned and rejuvenated in a mass action led by Sant Balbir Singh Seechewal in the 2000s.

The Punjab CM Bhagwant Mann has been admitted to Delhi’s Apollo Hospital, days after he had drunk a glass of water directly from the Kali Bein, a holy rivulet in Sultanpur Lodhi.

 

6. Consider the following statements about recent ‘Heatwaves’ in Europe and the USA:

  1. The record temperatures are linked to changes in the jet stream pattern.
  2. The strong jet stream brings cooler air from the northern Atlantic to the American continent.
  3. The weakening and splitting of jet streams lead to intense heat waves.

Which of the above statements are correct?

a) 1 and 2 only

b) 2 and 3 only

c) 1 and 3 only

d) 1, 2 and 3

ANSWER - D

EXPLANATION:

Statement 1 is correct: Scientists are near-unanimous that the heat waves are a result of climate change caused by human activity. Global temperatures have already risen by more than 1°C, and studies in the U.K. had shown that a one-degree rise in temperature raises the probability of the country witnessing 40°C by ten times.

Statements 2 and 3 are correct: While a conventionally strong jet stream would bring cooler air from the northern Atlantic, in recent years the jet stream has weakened and split into two, leading to intense and more frequent heat waves over parts of the American continent.


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