13 July 2022: Daily Current Affairs & GK Update (In Hindi & English)

13 July 2022: Daily Current Affairs & GK Update (In Hindi & English)

1.       Which of the following Alternative dispute resolution mechanism is currently not statutorily regulated?

a)       Arbitration

b)      Conciliation

c)       Mediation

d)      Lok Adalats

Answer: (c)

Explanation:

·         Arbitration and Conciliation (Amendment) Act, 2019 which replaced the Arbitration and Conciliation (Amendment) Ordinance, 2015, regulates these practices.

·         Lok Adalats are constituted under National Legal Services Authority (NALSA) Act, 1987. They are a uniquely Indian approach of mediation and is based on Gandhian principles.

·         Recently, Mediation bill, 2021 was sent to a Parliamentary standing committee in Rajya Sabha for consideration. It is currently not statutorily a regulated practice.

 

2.       The joint naval exercise IBSAMAR is held by India with which of the following countries.

a)       Russia

b)      China

c)       Brazil

d)      United states of America

Answer: (c)

Explanation:

·         Ex IBSAMAR is a joint naval exercise which is held with the Brazil and South African navies. Since 2008, 5 such exercises have been held. The last one was held in 2016.

·         The scope and complexity of Ex IBSAMAR has increased steadily and in its 5th edition in 2016, IBSAMAR has matured into a complex trilateral exercise involving participation of ships, aircraft and Special Forces from Brazil, India and South Africa.

·         Why in News: The Indian and Brazilian navies, both of which operate the French Scorpene class submarines, are exploring options for collaboration towards maintenance of the diesel-electric attack submarines, the Navy said on Tuesday. A Brazilian Navy delegation was at the Western Naval Command in Mumbai, where this issue was extensively discussed.

 

3.       ​​​​​​The Index of Industrial Production (IIP) is released monthly by which of the following organization?

a)       National statistical Office(NSO)

b)      Department for promotion of Industry and Internal trade.

c)       Department of Revenue

d)      NITI Aayog

Answer: (a)

Explanation:

·         The National Statistical Office (NSO) releases the Index of Industrial Production (IIP) figures.

·         Why in News: On Tuesday, NSO revised the index for April based on updated data, lowering growth to 6.7% from the 7.1% estimated earlier.

More about IIP:

·         Index of industrial production(IIP) is released monthly by NSO, 6 weeks after reference month ends:

·         It’s a composite indicator that measures the short-term changes in the volume of production of a basket of industrial products during a given period with respect to that in a chosen base period.

·         It is Based on Core Industries (weighing 38%) and other industries.

·         There are eight Core Industries in India (with the Base: 2011-12=100). They together have a combined weight of 37.90% in the IIP.

·         It includes 3 types of sectors: Manufacturing, Mining and Utility.

 

4.       ​​​​​​The Kānvar yatra is an annual pilgrimage to fetch water from the River Ganga. It is practiced by the devotees of which Hindu deity?

a)       Goddess Ganga

b)      Lord Shiva

c)       Lord Krishna

d)      Lord Ram

Answer: (b)

Explanation:

The Kānvar (or Kānwar/ Kāvaḍ) Yātrāis an annual pilgrimage of devotees of Shiva, known as Kānvarias or "Bhole", to Hindu pilgrimage places of Haridwar, Gaumukh and Gangotri in Uttarakhand and Sultanganj in Bihar to fetch holy waters of Ganges River. Millions of participants gather sacred water from the Ganga and carry it across hundreds of miles to dispense as offerings in their local Śiva shrines, or specific temples such as Pura Mahadeva and Augharnath temple in Meerut, and Kashi Vishwanath, Baidyanath, and Deoghar in Jharkhand.

 

5.       ​​​​​​The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) works in which of the following spectrum?

a)       Infrared

b)      Visible

c)       Ultraviolet

d)      X-Ray

Answer: (a)

Explanation:

About James Webb Space Telescope (JWST):

·         Its an infrared telescope and the largest space telescope ever built. 100 times more potent than Hubble, and three times larger.

·         Its Primary mirror consists of 18 hexagonal 6.5m mirrors and looks like a giant puzzle piece.

·         Launched in December 2021 and entered into service in February 2022.

·         It is an international collaboration between of about 17 countries including NASA, European Space Agency (ESA) and the Canadian Space Agency (CSA).

The telescope will be used to do the following:

·         Look back to the first galaxies born in the early universe more than 13.5 billion years ago,

·         Observe the sources of stars, exoplanets, and even the moons and planets of our solar system. Including signs of life on exoplanets.

 

6.       Consider the following statements about Forest Rights Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006:

1.    According to the act, rights can be claimed by any member or community that has lived on the forest land for at least three generations i.e., 90 years prior to December 2005.

2.    The Gram Sabha has the power to begin the process of deciding the type and scope of Individual Forest Rights (IFR) and Community Forest Rights (CFR).

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

a)       1 only

b)      2 only

c)       Both 1 and 2

d)      Neither 1 nor 2

Answer: (b)

Explanation:

·         Statement 1 is incorrect: According to the act scheduled tribe members or communities who predominantly reside in and rely on forests or forest areas for bona fide livelihood needs are eligible to claim rights. It can also be claimed by any member or community that has lived on the forest land for at least three generations (75 years) prior to December 13, 2005.

·         Statement 2 is correct: Gram Sabha has the power to begin the process of deciding the type and scope of Individual Forest Rights (IFR) and Community Forest Rights (CFR).

 

7.       Consider the following statements:

1.       Dark matter is invisible and does not have mass.

2.       Normal matter adds up to 10 percent of the universe.

3.       Researchers can determine the influence of dark matter through gravitational lensing.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

a)       1 and 2

b)      2 only

c)       2 and 3 only

d)      3 only

Answer: (d)

Explanation:

·         Statement 1 is incorrect: Dark matter is invisible and light of all types seems to pass through it. However, dark matter does have mass, which can be seen by its gravitational influence.

·         Statement 2 is incorrect: Dark matter makes up about 27% of the universe. The rest everything on Earth, everything ever observed with all of our instruments i.e., all normal matter - adds up to less than 5% of the universe.

·         Statement 3 is correct: Researchers can determine the amount of cluster dark matter by the way its gravity affects light. This effect is called gravitational lensing, and it provides an independent measure of how much mass is in a cluster and where it resides.

 

8.       Consider the following statements about Central Consumer Protection Authority (CCPA):

1.       It has the power to investigate matters relating to violations of consumer rights and unfair trade practices Suo motu.

2.       CCPA will replace the National Consumer Dispute Redressal Commission.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

a)       1 only

b)      2 only

c)       Both 1 and 2

d)      Neither 1 nor 2

Answer: (a)

Explanation:

·         Statement 1 is correct:  The CCPA can investigate cases Suo motu. It can also look into issues upon receiving complaints from consumers or upon direction by the central government. It will look into cases of consumer rights violations and unfair trade practices.

·         Statement 2 is incorrect: The CCPA will not be replacing the National Consumer Dispute Redressal Commission. The former is to be a regulator while the latter is a quasi-judicial body. The CCPA will be able to file complaints with the National Consumer Dispute Redressal Commission.

 

9.       ‘Mundaka Upanishad’ is part of which of the four Vedas?

a)       Rig Veda

b)      Yajur Veda

c)       Sama Veda

d)      Atharva Veda

Answer: (d)

Explanation:

·         The Mundaka Upanishad is an ancient Sanskrit Vedic text, embedded inside Atharva Veda. It is a Mukhya Upanishad, and is listed as number 5 in the Muktika canon of 108 Upanishads of Hinduism. It is among the most widely translated Upanishads.

·         This Upanishad deals with the Para Vidya and Apara Vidya. The Para Vidya is knowledge that leads to Self-Realization, Apara Vidya deals with everything else or the material knowledge. Mundaka Upanishad is notable as the source of the phrase Satyameva jayate.

 

10.   ‘Mission Vatsalya’ is implemented by which of the following ministry?

a)       Ministry of Health and Family Welfare

b)      Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises

c)       Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers' Welfare

d)      Ministry of Women and Child Development

Answer: (d)

Explanation:

·         Prior to 2009, the Ministry of women and child development Implemented three schemes for children in need of protection,

·         The juvenile justice programme for children in need of care and protection as well as children in conflict with the law,

·         The integrated programme for street children,

·         The scheme for assistance to children's homes.

·         In 2010, these were merged into a single plan known as the Integrated Child Protection Scheme.

·         In 2017, it was renamed "Child Protection Services Scheme," and again in 2021-22 as Mission Vatsalya.

·         It’s an umbrella scheme for child protection services in the country. It will be implemented as a Centrally Sponsored Scheme in partnership with state governments and UT administrations, with a fund-sharing pattern in a 60:40 ratio. However, for the eight states in the Northeast — as well as Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand and the UT of Jammu and Kashmir — the Centre and state/UT’s share will be 90:10.

·         Components under Mission Vatsalya include improve functioning of statutory bodies; strengthen service delivery structures; Upscale institutional care and services; encourage non-institutional community-based care; emergency outreach services; training and capacity building.