Syllogism for MCQs for IBPS PO/ Clerk 2018: 07 August
Reasoning Ability Section plays a pivotal role to score better in Banking and other competitive exams. Now a day, all the exams have higher level of reasoning questions. The questions asked in this section are tricky and time-consuming. But, once dealt with proper strategy, speed, and accuracy, this section will definitely award you the maximum marks in the examination. Here is another set of Questions to improve your speed and practice. Make most of it.
Directions (Q. 1-5): In each question below are given three statements followed by two conclusions numbered I and II. You have to take the given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts. Read all the conclusions and then decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from the given statements disregarding commonly known facts. Give answer
1) if only conclusion I follows.
2) if only conclusion II follows.
3) if either conclusion I or II follows.
4) if neither conclusion I nor II follows.
5) if both conclusion I and II follow.
2) if only conclusion II follows.
3) if either conclusion I or II follows.
4) if neither conclusion I nor II follows.
5) if both conclusion I and II follow.
1. Statements: No cup is a plate.
Some plates are dishes.
No dish is a spoon.
Some plates are dishes.
No dish is a spoon.
Conclusions: I. Some cups can be spoons.
II. At least some plates are cups.
II. At least some plates are cups.
2. Statements: Some books are copies.
No copy is a notebook.
All pens are notebooks.
No copy is a notebook.
All pens are notebooks.
Conclusions: I. All books being notebooks is a possibility.
II. Some pens are definitely not copies.
II. Some pens are definitely not copies.
3. Statements: All chairs are tables.
No table is an almirah.
No almirah is a wardrobe.
No table is an almirah.
No almirah is a wardrobe.
Conclusions: I. Some wardrobes can be chairs.
II. At least some almirahs are not chairs.
II. At least some almirahs are not chairs.
4. Statements: All tea is coffee.
All coffee is milk.
No coffee is water.
All coffee is milk.
No coffee is water.
Conclusions: I. All water is milk.
II. Some water is not milk.
II. Some water is not milk.
5. Statements: Some audios are videos.
All audios and videos are movies.
No audio is an animation.
All audios and videos are movies.
No audio is an animation.
Conclusions: I. Some movies are not audios.
II. No video is an animation.
II. No video is an animation.
Directions (Q. 6-10): Each question consists of two conclusions followed by five groups of statements. Consider the given conclusions to be true even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts. Read the conclusions and then decide from which group of statements the conclusions can be drawn.
6. Conclusions: I. All trucks being trains is a possibility.
II. Some buses are not trains.
II. Some buses are not trains.
1) Statements: All trucks are not trains.
No train is a car.
All cars are buses.
2) Statements: Some trucks are trains.
No train is a bus.
No buses are cars.
3) Statements: All trains are trucks.
No truck is a car.
No cars is a bus.
4) Statements: Some trains are buses.
No bus is a truck.
All trucks are cars.
5) Statements: All buses are trucks.
Some cars are buses.
No truck is a train.
No train is a car.
All cars are buses.
2) Statements: Some trucks are trains.
No train is a bus.
No buses are cars.
3) Statements: All trains are trucks.
No truck is a car.
No cars is a bus.
4) Statements: Some trains are buses.
No bus is a truck.
All trucks are cars.
5) Statements: All buses are trucks.
Some cars are buses.
No truck is a train.
7. Conclusions: I. At least some bottles are glasses.
II. Some bottles being cup is a possibility.
II. Some bottles being cup is a possibility.
1) Statements: Some glasses are bottles.
No bottle is a cup.
No cup is a spoon.
2) Statements: All bottles are spoons.
No spoon is a glass.
Some glasses are cups.
3) Statements: All cups are spoons.
No spoon is a glass.
All glasses are bottles.
4) Statements: Some glasses are spoons.
No spoon is a bottle.
All bottles are cups.
5) Statements: All bottles are glasses.
No glass is a cup.
Some cups are spoons.
No bottle is a cup.
No cup is a spoon.
2) Statements: All bottles are spoons.
No spoon is a glass.
Some glasses are cups.
3) Statements: All cups are spoons.
No spoon is a glass.
All glasses are bottles.
4) Statements: Some glasses are spoons.
No spoon is a bottle.
All bottles are cups.
5) Statements: All bottles are glasses.
No glass is a cup.
Some cups are spoons.
8. Conclusions: I. Some pens can be ink.
II. Some papers can never be pencils.
II. Some papers can never be pencils.
1) Statements: All pencils are pens.
No pen is a paper.
All inks are papers.
2) Statements: All inks are pens.
No pen is a pencil.
Some pencils are papers.
3) Statements: No paper is a pencil.
Some ink are pens.
All pencils are pens.
4) Statements: All inks are papers.
No pencil is a paper.
No paper is a pen.
5) Statements: All inks are pens.
No pen is a paper.
Some papers are pencils.
No pen is a paper.
All inks are papers.
2) Statements: All inks are pens.
No pen is a pencil.
Some pencils are papers.
3) Statements: No paper is a pencil.
Some ink are pens.
All pencils are pens.
4) Statements: All inks are papers.
No pencil is a paper.
No paper is a pen.
5) Statements: All inks are pens.
No pen is a paper.
Some papers are pencils.
Answers:
1. 1; No cup is a plate + Some plates are dishes = E + I = O*. We can’t proceed further but the possibility in I exists. Hence I follows. No cup is a plate (E) → conversion → No plate is a cup (E). Hence II does not follow.
2. 2; Some books are copies (I) + No copy is a notebook (E) = I + E = O = Some books are not notebooks. Thus, the possibility in I does not exist.
Again, All pens are notebooks (A) + (No copy is a notebook → conversion → ) No notebook is a copy (E) = A + E = E = No pen is a copy (E) → implication → Some pens are not copies (O). Hence conclusion II follows.
3. 5; All chairs are tables (A) + No table is an almirah (E) = A + E = E = No chair is an almirah (E) → conversion → No almirah is a chair (E) → implication → Some almirahs are not chairs (O). Hence conclusion II follows.
Again, No chair is an almirah (E) + No almirah is a wardrobe (E) = E + E = No conclusion. But the possibility in I exists. Hence conclusion I follows.
4. 3; All coffee is milk (A) → conversion → Some milk is coffee (I) + No coffee is water (E) = I + E = O = Some milk is not water. Thus, neither conclusion I nor II follows. But both conclusion I and II make a complementary pair (A-O). Hence either conclusion I or II follows.
5. 4; All audios and videos are movies.
It means some movies are audios. Thus conclusion I does not follow.
Again, Some audios are videos (I) → conversion → Some videos are audios (I) + No audio is an animation (E) = I + E = O = Some videos are not animations (O). Hence conclusion II does not follow.
6. 2
7. 3
8. 3
2. 2; Some books are copies (I) + No copy is a notebook (E) = I + E = O = Some books are not notebooks. Thus, the possibility in I does not exist.
Again, All pens are notebooks (A) + (No copy is a notebook → conversion → ) No notebook is a copy (E) = A + E = E = No pen is a copy (E) → implication → Some pens are not copies (O). Hence conclusion II follows.
3. 5; All chairs are tables (A) + No table is an almirah (E) = A + E = E = No chair is an almirah (E) → conversion → No almirah is a chair (E) → implication → Some almirahs are not chairs (O). Hence conclusion II follows.
Again, No chair is an almirah (E) + No almirah is a wardrobe (E) = E + E = No conclusion. But the possibility in I exists. Hence conclusion I follows.
4. 3; All coffee is milk (A) → conversion → Some milk is coffee (I) + No coffee is water (E) = I + E = O = Some milk is not water. Thus, neither conclusion I nor II follows. But both conclusion I and II make a complementary pair (A-O). Hence either conclusion I or II follows.
5. 4; All audios and videos are movies.
It means some movies are audios. Thus conclusion I does not follow.
Again, Some audios are videos (I) → conversion → Some videos are audios (I) + No audio is an animation (E) = I + E = O = Some videos are not animations (O). Hence conclusion II does not follow.
6. 2
7. 3
8. 3
