Constitution of India: Complete List of All Articles of Indian Constitution 2021 (Download PDF)
Important Articles of the Constitution of India have always been a crucial part of GK and Current Affairs. Questions related to articles and amendments are regularly asked in competitive exams like IAS/ PCS/ HPAS / Allied Services &Various State & center Exams etc. Therefore, you should be familiar with important articles and information related to them. To help you get detailed information related to the Articles of the Indian Constitution we are sharing the following article "Constitution of India: Complete List of All Articles of Indian Constitution 2021 (Download PDF)". Very few of us are aware that at the time the Indian Constitution was commenced, there were 395 articles. These articles were divided into 22 parts and 8 schedules. Indian Constitution is already the longest Constitution in the world. It has now grown to 448 articles in 25 parts, 12 schedules with 5 appendices, and 102 amendments. To get precise information read the article to know about the Important Articles of the Constitution of India, and its schedules here.
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What do Important Articles of the Indian Constitution Deal With?
The Chief architect of the Constitution of India was Dr. B.R. Ambedkar. It was adopted by the Constituent Assembly on 26th November 1949 and came into force on 26th January 1950. The information below covers the parts of the Constitution, important articles of the constitution of India, and schedules of the Constitution of India. Carefully go through the information below and note the subjects and articles allotted for them.
| PARTS | SUBJECTS | ARTICLES IN INDIAN CONSTITUTION |
| I | The Union and its territory | 1-4 |
| II | Citizenship | 5-11 |
| III | Fundamental Rights | 12-35 |
| IV | State Policy Directive Principles | 36-51 |
| IV. A | Fundamental Duties | 51-A |
| V | THE UNION | |
| The Executive | 52-78 | |
| Parliament | 79-122 | |
| President’s Legislative Powers | 123 | |
| The Union Judiciary | 124-147 | |
| Comptroller and Auditor- General of India | 148-151 | |
| VI | THE STATES | |
| General (Definition) | 152 | |
| The Executive | 153-167 | |
| The State Legislature | 168-212 | |
| Legislative Powers of the Governor | 213 | |
| The High Courts in the States | 214-231 | |
| Subordinate Courts | 233-237 | |
| VIII | The Union Territories | 239-242 |
| IX | The Panchayats | 243 to 243-0 |
| IX-A | The Municipalities | 243-P to 243-ZG |
| IX-B | The Co-Operative Societies | 243-ZH to 243-ZT |
| X | The Scheduled and Tribal Areas | 244 to 244-A |
| XI | RELATIONS BETWEEN THE UNION AND THE STATES | |
| Legislative Relations | 245-255 | |
| Administrative Relations | 256-263 | |
| XII | FINANCE, PROPERTY, CONTRACTS, AND SUITS | |
| Finance | 264-290 | |
| Borrowing | 292-293 | |
| Property, Contracts, Rights, Liabilities, Obligations, and Suits | 294-300 | |
| Right to Property | 300-A | |
| XIII | Commerce, Trade, and Intercourse inside the territory of India | 301-307 |
| XIV | SERVICES UNDER THE UNION AND THE STATES | |
| Services | 308-314 | |
| Public Service Commissions | 315-323 | |
| XIV- A | Tribunals | 323-A to 323-B |
| XV | Elections | 324 to 329 |
| XVI | Special Provisions Relating to Certain Classes | 330-342 |
| XVII | OFFICIAL LANGUAGE | |
| Language of the Union | 343-344 | |
| Regional Languages | 345- 347 | |
| Languages of the Supreme Court, High Courts, etc. | 348- 349 | |
| Special Directives | 350- 351 | |
| XVIII | Emergency Provisions | 352-360 |
| XIX | Miscellaneous | 361-367 |
| XX | Amendment of the Constitution | 368 |
| XXI | Temporary, Transitional, and Special Provisions | 369-392 |
| XXII | Short Title, Commencement, Authoritative Text in Hindi, and Repeals | 393-395 |
Importance of Fundamental Rights
Fundamental Rights are one part or section of the Constitution of India. This section provides rights to the people. Fundamental rights are considered to be the basic rights of the people of India. These are irrespective of religion, caste, gender, or creed. In India, there are 6 fundamental rights as the property right was omitted from the list of fundamental rights. It includes –
- Right to Equality – Article 14 to 18
- Right to Freedom – Article 19 to 22
- Right against Exploitation – Article 23 to 24
- Right to Religion – Article 25 to 28
- Right to Education and Culture – Article 25 to 28
Directive Principles
Directive Principles comprise Economic, Social, and Political guidelines or Principles for a State. These principles signify that any particular state will encourage the welfare of people by giving them basic provisions such as food, shelter, and clothing. Directive principles include article 36 to article 51.
The Directive Principles mirror the reconstruction program declared by Gandhiji during the National Movement. Basically, these principles reflect the beliefs of liberalism. To fulfill his dream, some ideas were incorporated in Directive Principles to manage the state through article 36 to article 51.
Some Important Articles of the Indian Constitution
Let us now look at some of the important articles of the Constitution of India and what they deal with.
| ARTICLE | DEALS WITH |
| 1 | Union Name and its Territory |
| 3 | New States Formation, Alteration/Change of Boundaries, etc. |
| 13 | Laws conflicting with or in deprecation of the Fundamental Rights |
| 14 | Equality ahead of Law (generally called as Right to Equality) |
| 15 | Banning Discrimination (on the grounds of race, caste, religion, sex, or birthplace) |
| 16 | Equality in case of Public Employment |
| 17 | Abolition of Untouchability |
| 18 | Abolition of Titles |
| 19 | Preservation of Rights to Freedom (popularly known as Right to Freedom) |
| 19(1)(a) | Liberty of Speech & Expression |
| 19(1)(b) | Right to Peacefully Assemble |
| 19(1)(c) | Liberty to form Association |
| 19(1)(d) | Liberty to Move Freely through India |
| 19(1)(e) | Freedom of Settle & Reside |
| 19(1)(f) | Omitted |
| 19(1)(g) | Liberty to Practice any Occupation, Profession, Business or Trade |
| 21 | Right to Personal Liberty and Life |
| 21(1)(a) | Right to Education |
| 23 | Barring of Human Trafficking and Forced Labor |
| 24 | Prohibition of Child Labor |
| 25 | Freedom to Practice & Freely Propagate Religion |
| 29 | Safeguarding of Interests of Minorities |
| 32 | Remedies for the imposition of Fundamental Rights along with writs |
| 44 | Uniform Civil Code |
| 50 | Segregation of Judiciary from Executive |
| 51 | Development of International Peace and Security |
| 51(1)(A) | Fundamental Duties |
| 72 | President Powers to Grant Pardons, etc. |
| 76 | Attorney-General of India |
| 78 | Prime Minister Duties |
| 85 | Parliament Session, Intermission and Dissolution |
| 93 | Lok Sabha Speaker & Deputy Speaker |
| 100 | Voting in Houses |
| 105 | Powers, Privileges, etc. of Parliament Members |
| 106 | Salaries and Allowances of Parliament Members |
| 108 | Combined Sitting of both Parliament Houses |
| 109-110 | Money Bills |
| 112 | Annual Financial Budget |
| 123 | President’s Power to Propagate Ordinance when the Parliament in cessation/break |
| 127 | Commissioning of ad hoc Judges in the Supreme Court |
| 139 | Power of Supreme Court to Grant Certain Writs |
| 141 | Supreme Court’s Decision Binding on All Courts |
| 148-149 | Comptroller and Auditor-General of India |
| 155 | Appointment of Governor |
| 161 | Governor’s power to Grant Pardon |
| 165 | Advocate-General for a particular State |
| 167 | Chief Minister Duties |
| 224 | Selection of Additional & Acting Judges in High Courts |
| 224A | Appointment of Retired Judges in High Courts |
| 226 | High Courts Power to issue writs |
| 280 | Finance Commission |
| 312 | All India Services |
| 324 | Election Commission |
| 335 | SCs and STs claim to Posts and Services |
| 343 | Official Language |
| 352 | National Emergency |
| 356 | President’s Rule during State Emergency |
| 360 | Financial Emergency |
| 368 | Parliament Power to Amend the Constitution |
Schedules of the Indian Constitution
Now that you have got an idea about the Important Articles of the Constitution of India. Let us also gather some information about the Schedules of the Indian Constitution. Given below is the table that includes the different schedules and their functions.
| Schedule | Deals With |
| First Schedule (Article 1-4) | State names and their territorial Jurisdiction. |
| The extent of the Union Territories and their respective names | |
| Second Schedule (Articles 59, 65, 75, 97, 125, 148, 158, 164, 186, 221) | States the provisions relating to the salary, privileges, and so on of: |
| 1. The Speaker and the Deputy Speaker of the Lok Sabha. | |
| 2. The Speaker and the Deputy Speaker of the Legislative Assembly in the states. | |
| 3. The President of India. | |
| 4. The Chairman and the Deputy Chairman of the Rajya Sabha | |
| 5. The Governors of States. | |
| 6. The Judges of the High Courts | |
| 7. The Judges of the Supreme Court | |
| 8. The Chairman and the Deputy Chairman of the Legislative Council in the states | |
| 9. The Comptroller and Auditor-General of India | |
| Third Schedule (Articles – 75, 84, 99, 124, 146, 173, 188, 219) | Forms of Oaths or Affirmations for: |
| 1. The judges of the Supreme Court | |
| 2. The candidates for election to the State Legislature | |
| 3. The members of Parliament | |
| 4. The Union ministers | |
| 5. The judges of the High Courts | |
| 6. The state ministers | |
| 7. The candidates for election to the Parliament | |
| 8. The members of the State Legislature | |
| 9. The Comptroller and Auditor-General of India | |
| Fourth Schedule (Article 4 & 80) | Seat allocation in the Rajya Sabha to the states and the Union Territories. |
| Fifth Schedule (Article 244) | Allocations related to the Management and Control of scheduled areas and ST (scheduled tribes). |
| Sixth Schedule (Article 244 & 275) | Allocations related to the administration of tribal areas in Meghalaya, Assam, Mizoram, and Tripura. |
| Seventh Schedule (Article 246) | Dividing of powers among the States and Union in terms of List I which is Union List, List-II which is State List, and List III which is Concurrent List. Currently, the Union List comprises 100 subjects (originally 97), the state list includes 61 subjects (originally 66), and the concurrent list includes 52 subjects (originally 47). |
| Eighth Schedule (Article 344 and Article 351) | Languages recognized by the Constitution. Originally, it included 14 languages but currently, there are 22 languages. |
| Ninth Schedule (Article 31-B) | Acts and Regulations (originally 13 but currently 282) 19 related to state legislatures dealing with land reforms and the eradication of the zamindari system. |
| Tenth Schedule (Article 102 & 191) | Tells the provisions related to the disqualification of the members of Parliament and State Legislatures on the ground of defection. |
| Eleventh Schedule (Article 243 G) | Deals with powers, duties, and powers of Panchayats. |
| Twelfth Schedule (Article 243 W) | Defines the Municipalities power, authority, and responsibilities |
Important Articles of the Constitution of India FAQ
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